Objective? To compare the efficacy and safety of losarta capsule and recombinant human erythropoietin injection (rhEPO) in the treatment of renal anemia in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods? From September 2020 to November 2020, 40 patients with renal anemia who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital were randomly divided into experimental group (20 cases) and control group (20 cases). The experimental group was treated with losartan capsules, and the control group was treated with erythropoietin. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. Red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte volume (Hct), ferritin (SF), transferrin (TRF), transferrin saturation (TS), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results? Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in RBC, Hb, Hct, SF, TRF, TS, TG, TC and LDL between the two groups (all P>0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, RBC, Hb, Hct, SF, TRF and TS in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, while TG, TC and LDL in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were no serious adverse reactions in two groups.Conclusions? Rosalrestat capsule can significantly improve renal anemia in maintenance hemodialysis patients, significantly reduce blood lipid level, improve the utilization rate of iron in patients, with fast onset, good tolerance and high safety, which is a good choice for patients with renal anemia.