Objective: To investigate the protocol and value of application of perioperative nursing with enhanced recovery aft er surgery(ERA S) concept in pediatric thoracoscopic pulmonary resection. Methods: Nursing protocol with ERA S concept was developed for pediatric patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary resection in 2018, and before that, traditional nursing measures were used in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The results between Jan, 2018 to Aug, 2018(62 patients) were compared with those of a historical cohort of 62 patients from Jul, 2017 to Dec, 2017. The occurrence of postoperative vomiting, distension, aspiration, complications, parents’ anxiety score and satisfaction were compared. Results: There were no vomiting, abdominal distension and aspiration in patients of both groups postoperatively. Th e recovery was uneventful and no reoperation was needed. Chest X-ray or CT scan showed well expansion of the lungs 3 months aft er surgery. All patients thrive well without chest malformation, recurrence and other complaints. Th e anxiety score and satisfaction were 3.48±0.85 vs 5.30±1.76(t=-3.474, P=0.001) and 98.39% vs 87.10%(χ~2=6.764, P<0.001) in the ERAS group and the traditional group respectively. Conclusion: Th e perioperative nursing with ERA S concept, which can promote rehabilitation of pediatric patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary resection, and alleviate the parents’ anxiety, is an important innovation and perfection of traditional thoracoscopic surgery nursing concepts.