AimTo explore the effects of low-dose tofacitinib combined with tripterygium wilfordii on inflammatory indicators and synovial erosion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with insufficient response to methotrexate. Methods108 RA patients with insufficient response to methotrexate in our hospital were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to the order of hospitalization. Both groups were treated with tripterygium wilfordii glycoside tablets, while the observation group was additionally treated with low-dose tofacitinib on this basis. The efficacy indicators before and after treatment, symptom status, inflammation indicators, joint synovial erosion, and adverse reactions between two groups were compared. ResultsAfter treatment, the efficacy index score and inflammation index level in both groups were lower than them before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P＜0.05). The symptoms and joint synovial erosion in both groups were significantly improved than them before treatment (P＜0.05), and the improvement in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionLow-dose tofacitinib combined with tripterygium wilfordii can better regulate inflammatory indicators, improve joint synovial erosion, and enhance clinical efficacy in RA patients with insufficient response to methotrexate.