Enhancing the antimicrobial stewardship level is an important issue in curbing the development and spread of microbial resistance as well as maintaining the health of the people. This study reviews the current situation of antimicrobial application both in China and abroad, sorts out the history of antimicrobial management, finds out the existing problems in the current work, and puts forward measures including attaching importance to pathogen detection, improving the infection control strategy for antimicrobial-resistant organisms, establishing a multile-vel service mechanism, forming a multidisciplinary core team, and perfecting the management system, so as to provide references for actively responding to the challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance.